The history of Egypt goes back to about 3100 BC, when Egypt witnessed the birth of one of the oldest civilizations in human history. Its origin was on the banks of the Nile River, and it lasted for more than two thousand years. It is considered one of the longest-lived human civilizations and the most extended throughout history.

The people of ancient Egypt called their country Kemet, which means black earth, a metaphor for the abundance of the silt deposition which deposited by the Nile on both sides of its banks and in its deltas during its flood seasons, which contributed to soil fertility and its renewal every year. The ancient Egyptian civilization added a lot to the world human heritage; The Nile Valley witnessed the establishment of the first central authority in history, in addition to knowledge of writing and contributing to the invention of many sciences, including arithmetic, engineering, medicine and astronomy, knowledge of the calendar, and thinking about resurrection after death, reward and punishment. Which prompted their kings to build amazing temples and tombs, including the pyramids, in addition to knowing the methods of embalming the bodies of the dead, the secrets of which are still unknown until now. Egypt passed through various historical stages after that, during which it was subjected to the rule of the Greeks, Persians and Romans until a new birth for Egypt emerged with the entry of Islam into its territory.

Unification of the two countries
It sought the Kingdom level to achieve unity with the Kingdom of Delta, and for this goal to achieve, fought hard wars, culminating in the unity between the two countries, and  the Scorpion King Pin and  the Palette of the King Narmer are the most important monuments that indicate their fees on the wars that took place between the two parties, king Scorpio fought the people of the north and He defeated them, but Narmer was the one who achieved unity between the two countries, as evidenced by his crowning with the white crown of Upper Egypt and the red crown of the Delta. Thus, Egypt was united in 3200 BC. Narmer became the first king in the first ruling Egyptian family, and it seems that he bore the title of Mina.

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